Physical therapy is helpful in treating: musculoskeletal disorders, such as cervical and lumbar strain, joint strains and sprains and overuse injuries; neurological deficits, such as weakness due to stroke; and musculoskeletal deficits requiring rehabilitation after surgery. The goals of physical therapy include restoring function and movement, decreasing pain and preventing re-injury.

The physical therapist performs an evaluation of the problem and then develops a treatment plan and goals to correct the problem. Treatment may include "hands on techniques", like soft tissue mobilization or joint mobilization; therapeutic exercise to help improve strength, endurance, range of motion, balance and coordination; functional training for work-related problems and home or recreational activities. Mobility activities are performed to help improve transfers or to improve gait with or without assistive devices. Modalities used are: heat, ice, whirlpool, electrical stimulation, ultrasound and cervical or pelvic traction.